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Introduction to various types of cables: General rubber plastic wires
(Disclaimer: Some of the information in this article is sourced from the internet. Please carefully identify and use it.)
General Purpose Rubber/Plastic Insulated Cables are a type of insulated wire widely used in low-voltage power transmission, electrical equipment connection, and household wiring. Their core characteristics are good flexibility, strong weather resistance, and low cost. The following is a comprehensive analysis of its technical points and market applications.
1、 Definition and Core Features
- Basic Definition
Insulation material: mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or rubber (such as natural rubber, chloroprene rubber).
Voltage level: usually 300/500V (low voltage), some models support 450/750V.
Conductor: Copper (TU1/TU2 oxygen free copper) or aluminum, with a structure mostly consisting of multiple strands twisted together to enhance flexibility.
- Core Features
| Characteristic | Rubber insulated wire | Plastic (PVC) insulated wire |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature resistance range | -40 ℃~70 ℃ (rubber) | -15℃~70℃（PVC） |
| Oil resistant/acid alkali resistant | You (chloroprene rubber) | General (requires special modified PVC) |
| Flexibility | Excellent (suitable for mobile devices) | Better (fixed wiring is more economical) |
2、 Usage requirements and structural characteristics
| Usage characteristics | Structural characteristics |
|---|---|
| 1. Scope of application: Connection and internal installation lines for power, lighting, electrical devices, instruments and telecommunication equipment with rated AC voltage of 450/750V and below. 2. Installation occasions and methods: indoor exposed installation and ditch channel, tunnel along the wall or overhead installation; Outdoor overhead laying, laying through iron or plastic pipes, laying of electrical equipment, instruments, and wireless devices are all fixed laying; Plastic sheathed wires can be directly buried in soil for installation. 3. General requirements: economical and durable, with a simple structure. 4. Special requirements: 1) When laying outdoors, it is required to be resistant to atmospheric conditions, especially sunlight aging, due to the influence of sunlight, rain, and freezing; There are cold resistance requirements in extremely cold regions; 2) In use, pipes should be worn in situations where they are easily damaged by external forces or flammable, and come into contact with oil frequently; When threading, the wires are subjected to significant tension and may be scratched, and lubrication measures should be taken; 3) When used internally as electrical equipment, when the installation position is small, it should have a certain degree of flexibility, and the insulation wire core should be clearly colored. It should be matched with corresponding joint terminals and plugs to make the connection convenient and reliable; For occasions with electromagnetic protection requirements, shielded wires should be used; 4) For environments with high temperatures, sheathed cables should be used; For special high-temperature applications, heat-resistant cables are used. | 1. Conductive wire core: When used for internal installation of power, lighting, and electrical equipment, copper core is preferred, and tight wire core is recommended for large cross-section wires; The conductors used for fixed installation generally adopt Class 1 or Class 2 conductor structures. 2. Insulation: Insulation materials generally include four types: natural styrene butadiene rubber, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, nitrile polyvinyl chloride composite, etc; The heat-resistant wire adopts polyvinyl chloride with a temperature resistance of 90 ℃. 3. Sheath: Sheath materials generally include five types: polyvinyl chloride, cold resistant polyvinyl chloride, ant proof polyvinyl chloride, black polyethylene, chloroprene rubber, etc. Black polyethylene and chloroprene sheathed wires are recommended for particularly cold resistant and outdoor overhead laying. Rubber or plastic sheathed wires can be used in environments with external forces, corrosion, humidity, etc. |
3、 Selection and Construction Points
- Selection criteria
Current load: Select based on cross-sectional area (e.g. 1.5mm ² BV line current carrying capacity ≈ 16A).
Environmental conditions:
Choose UV resistant type (such as BLV) for outdoor use; Choose rubber wire (such as YZW) in humid environments.
Choose heat-resistant PVC (such as 105 ℃ grade) or silicone rubber wire for high temperature applications.
Cost considerations: Aluminum core wire (BLV) has a low price, but its conductivity is inferior to copper wire.
- Construction specifications
Bending radius: ≥ 6 x cable diameter (to prevent insulation layer rupture).
Terminal block: Multi stranded wires need to be crimped or tinned to avoid loose wires and poor contact.
Flame retardant requirement: High rise buildings must use WDZ (halogen-free low smoke) model.
4、 Market Trends and Innovation
Environmental upgrade:
The proportion of halogen-free (LSZH) wires has increased, complying with EU RoHS 2.0.
High performance materials:
Cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) replaces PVC and can withstand temperatures up to 90 ℃.
Intelligent application:
Integrated temperature sensor wires (such as smart home wiring).
Universal rubber plastic wires are the "basic blood vessels" of electrical systems, and selection needs to balance the three major factors of conductivity, weather resistance, and cost. With the tightening of environmental regulations, high-performance, low smoke, and halogen-free products will become the mainstream in the market.
※If you need to purchase Cable Materials, you can choose Wuxi Henglong Cable Material Co., Ltd., a well-known manufacturer in the Chinese cable materials industry.
